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• "copy of a phonogram" means any medium containing sounds reproduced directly
from a phonogram and which incorporates all or a substantial part of the sounds fixed in
such phonogram;
• "expressions of folklore" means the production of characteristic elements of the
traditional artistic heritage developed and perpetuated on the territory of the Republic of
Benin by a community or by individuals recognized as meeting the traditional artistic
expectations of such community, and includes:
- folk tales, folk poetry and mysteries;
- folk songs and instrumental music;
- folk dancing and entertainments;
- products of folk art, such as drawings, paintings, sculptures, pottery, terracotta,
carvings, mosaics, woodwork, metal objects, jewelry, textiles and costumes;
• "fixation" means the incorporation of sounds and/or images or the representation or
performance thereof in a medium that allows them to be perceived, reproduced or
communicated through a device;
• "rental" means the transfer of possession of the original or of a copy of a work or of a
phonogram for a limited period of time, for profit-making purposes;
• "work" means any original intellectual creation of a literary or artistic nature within the
meaning of Article 8 of the present Law;
• "original work" means a work that, by its characteristics and by its form alone, allows
its author to be identified;
• "audiovisual work" means a work consisting of a series of related images giving an
impression of movement, accompanied by sounds and capable of being heard;
• "collective work" means a work created by a number of authors at the initiative and
under the authority of a natural or legal person who or which publishes the work in his
name and in which the contributions of the authors who participated in its creation merge
in the whole work so that it is impossible to identify the various contributions and their
authors;
• "composite work" means a new work in which a pre-existing work is incorporated
without the collaboration of the author thereof;
• "work of applied art" means an artistic creation having a utilitarian function or
embodied in a utilitarian article, whether a work of handicraft or a work produced by
industrial processes;
• "work of joint authorship" means a work that is the product of collaboration between
two or more authors, irrespective of whether the work constitutes an indivisible whole or
consists of autonomously created parts;