(b)
handing over to the copyright owner or author any infringing copy.
54. � Presumptions
In any action for an alleged infringement of copyright —
(a) it shall be presumed, unless the defendant puts it in issue, that —
(i)
copyright or related right subsists in the work to which the action relates;
(ii) the plaintiff is the right holder if he claims so to be;
(iii) the person whose name is indicated on an audiovisual work in the usual
manner as being the producer is the producer of the work;
(b) it shall be presumed, unless the contrary is proved, that the person named as
author of a published work, if it were his true name or a name by which he was
commonly known, is the author of the work;
(c) where it is proved or admitted that the author of a work is dead or a work was
published anonymously or under a pseudonym, it shall be presumed, unless the
contrary is proved, that —
(i)
the work is an original work;
(ii) any allegation by the plaintiff that the publication was a first publication and
occurred in a specified country on a specific date is true;
(iii) in the case of a work which was published anonymously or under a
pseudonym, the publisher of the work is the copyright owner.
55. � Vain threats
(1)
Subject to subsection (2), where a person who claims to be a right holder or an
exclusive licensee threatens any other person with legal proceedings in respect of an alleged