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ARTICLE 81 The acts covered by the preceding Article shall be subject to the prior
authorization of the collective management organization provided for in Article 12 of the
present Law, against payment of a royalty, the amount of which shall be determined in
accordance with the customary terms in each of the categories of creation considered.
ARTICLE 82 The rights conferred under the present Title shall not apply where the acts
in question concern:
- use by a natural person exclusively for personal purposes;
- the use of short extracts for the purpose of reporting of current events, to the
extent justified by the subject of the report;
- use solely for purposes of teaching or scientific research;
- cases in which a work may be used without the consent of the author or of
another copyright holder.
ARTICLE 83 In all printed publications, and in connection with any communication to
the public of an identifiable expression of folklore, the source of such expression of
folklore must be indicated in a manner that is appropriate and compatible with fair
practice, by mentioning the community and the geographical place of origin of the
expression of folklore used.
ARTICLE 84 The royalties collected under the present Title shall be used for cultural
development activities.
ARTICLE 85 The use, without the prior authorization of the collective management
organization, of an expression of folklore in a manner not permitted under the present
Law shall constitute an offense of infringement and shall be subject to the penalties
provided for under the present Law.
TITLE XVI
PROCEEDINGS AND PENALTIES
CHAPTER I
PROCEEDINGS
ARTICLE 86 Any dispute arising from the enforcement of contracts for reproduction,
publication or public performance of literary and artistic works and creations protected by
neighboring rights shall be referred to the collective management organization for
attempted conciliation.
ARTICLE 87 In the event of failure of such conciliation, the parties shall have the right
to refer the case to the competent court, either directly or through the collective
management organization.
ARTICLE 88 The collective management organization shall have capacity to institute
legal proceedings in defense of the rights relating to the literary and artistic works and the
creations protected by neighboring rights that constitute its repertoire and that of the