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Art.21. Employment contract or a contract to make a work
(1) Copyright, even in a work produced under an employment contract or a contract
to make a work, shall belong to the author of the work, unless otherwise stipulated in
the Law or the contract.
(2) However,
((a) the economic rights in the software created by one or more employees in the
execution of their duties or following the instructions given by their employer shall be
the property of the employer;
((b) where the work is produced by administrative officers within the limits of their
duties, the pecuniary rights deriving from the disclosure of that work may be
distributed according to the specific rules of the administrative department in which
they are employed;
((c) the pecuniary rights deriving from the disclosure of the works of pupils or trainees
of a school, teaching institution or artistic establishment may be distributed according
to the specific rules of the school or establishment.
Art.22. Work of joint authorship
(1) "Work of joint authorship" means a work, the creation of which is the result of
contributions on the part of two or more authors, irrespective of whether it constitutes
an indivisible whole or is composed of parts having independent creative character.
(2) A work of joint authorship shall belong jointly to the coauthors. The coauthors
shall exercise their rights by common consent, failing which the court shall decide.
(3) When the contribution of each coauthor is of a different kind, each may, in the
absence of an agreement to the contrary, exploit his personal contribution separately,
without, however, prejudicing the exploitation of the joint work.
Art.23. Composite work
(1) "Composite work" means a new work in which a preexisting work is incorporated
without the collaboration of the author of that work.
(2) A composite work shall belong to the author who created it, without prejudice to
the rights of the author of the preexisting work.
Art.24. Collective work
(1) "Collective work" means a work created by several authors on the initiative of a
natural person or legal entity who or which discloses it under his or its direction and
name, where the personal contributions of the various authors who participated in its
creation are merged in the whole for which they were made, so that it is impossible to
attribute to each author a separate right in the whole work once completed.