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(2) A collective work shall belong to the natural person or legal entity who or which
initiated its creation and disclosed it.
Art.25. Cinematographic works
(1) In the case of a cinematographic work, the rights shall originally belong to the
intellectual creators of the work.
(2) Unless proved otherwise, the authors of a jointly produced cinematographic work
shall be the authors of the screenplay, adaptation, script, musical compositions with
or without lyrics produced specially for the work; director; and the main illustrator in
the case of cartoons. When the cinematographic work is based on a protected pre
existing work, the author of the original work shall be included in the list for the new
work.
Art. 26. The producer of a cinematographic work shall be the natural or legal person
who takes the initiative and responsibility for production of the work.
Art. 27. The director of a cinematographic work shall be the natural person who
assumes the direction of, and the artistic responsibility for, the transformation into
pictures and sound, and the cutting of the cinematographic work, as well as the final
editing.
Art. 28. A cinematographic work shall be deemed to have been completed when the
first master copy has been established by joint agreement between the director and
the producer.
Art. 29. If any contributor to a cinematographic work refuses to complete his
contribution to the work or is unable to do so due to circumstances beyond his
control, he shall not be entitled to oppose use of that part of his contribution already
in existence for the purpose of completing the work.
Unless otherwise stipulated, the contributors to a cinematographic work may dispose
freely of their personal contribution for exploitation in a different field on condition that
they do not prejudice exploitation of the work to which they have contributed.
Art. 30. Before undertaking the making of the cinematographic work, the producer
shall be bound to enter into written contracts with all those whose works are to be
used for the production of the film.
Art. 31. Written contracts concluded with the intellectual creators of the work shall
stipulate, unless otherwise agreed, assignment of the exclusive right of
cinematographic exploitation of the work to the producer for a limited period that is
specified in the contract.
The above presumption shall not apply to preexisting works that are used to produce
the work, or musical works that may or may not preexist, with or without words.
Art. 32. The author of a radio or radio visual work shall be deemed to be the natural
person or persons