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ARTICLE 21 Notwithstanding the provisions of Article 4.2 of the present Law, it shall be
permitted, without the consent of the author but subject to the requirement of indicating
the source and the name of the author if such name is given in the source:
- to use a lawfully published work as an illustration in publications, broadcasts or
sound or visual recordings intended for teaching;
- to reproduce, by reprographic means, for teaching or for examinations within
teaching establishments whose activities are not directly or indirectly profitmaking, and to the extent justified by the intended purpose, individual articles
lawfully published in a newspaper or periodical, and short extracts from a
lawfully published work or a lawfully published short work.
ARTICLE 22 The import of a copy of a work by a natural person for personal purposes
shall be permitted without the consent of the author or of any other holder of copyright in
the work.
ARTICLE 23 Notwithstanding the provisions of Article 4.2 of the present Law, a
broadcasting organization may, without the consent of the author and without payment of
separate remuneration, make an ephemeral recording, by means of its own facilities and
for the purposes of its own broadcasts, of a work that it is authorized to broadcast.
The broadcasting organization shall destroy such recording within six months of its
having been made, unless a longer period has been agreed with the author of the work
thus recorded. However, without such agreement, a single copy of such recording may
be kept for the exclusive purpose of conservation of archives.
TITLE V
TRANSFER OF COPYRIGHT
ARTICLE 24 Economic rights shall be assignable by transfer intra vivos and by
testament or by the effect of law by reason of death.
Moral rights shall not be assignable intra vivos but may be assigned by testament or by
the effect of law by reason of death.
ARTICLE 25 The author of a work may grant licenses to other persons to carry out the
acts covered by his economic rights. Such licenses may be non-exclusive or exclusive.
A non-exclusive license shall entitle its holder to perform, in the manner authorized to
him, the acts that it concerns at the same time as the author and other holders of nonexclusive licenses.
An exclusive license shall entitle its holder, to the exclusion of any other person,
including the author, to carry out, in the manner authorized to him, the acts that it
concerns.