or forged trade name.
Article 68
The owner of a well-known trademark, worldwide and in Egypt, shall have
the right to enjoy the protection conferred by this Law even if such
a mark is not registered in Egypt.
The Trade Registry Department shall, ex officio, reject any application
to register any mark which is identical with a well-known mark and is
intended for products which are identical with those of the well-known
mark, unless the application is submitted by the owner of the well-known
mark.
The preceding provision shall apply to applications intended for
products which are not identical with those of the well-known mark,
where the well-known mark is registered in a country member of the World
Trade Organization and in Egypt, and where the use of the mark in
relation to those non-identical products is meant to lead people to
believe that a connection exists between the owner of the well-known
mark and those products, and that such a use may be prejudicial to the
interests of the owner of the well-known mark.
Article 69
A collective trademark is used to distinguish a product of a group of
persons who belong to a specific entity, even where such entity has
no industrial or commercial enterprise of its own.
The application for registration of a collective mark shall be submitted
by a representative of such an entity.
Article 70
The competent minister may. in the interest of the public . authorize
natural persons or legal entities involved in the control or examination
of products in respect of their origin, components, method of
manufacture, quality, authenticity or any other distinctive
characteristic, to register a mark which shall serve to certify that
such control or examination of such products is underway.
Such a mark shall not be disposed of without a special authorization
from the competent minister.
Article 71
The right of the mark owner to prevent third parties from the import,
use, sale or distribution of products distinguished by such a mark shall
lapse when the owner undertakes the marketing of those products in any
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