Neither the author nor the owner of a portrait shall have the right to reproduce or exhibit it in public
without the consent of the person portrayed or of his assignees, for a period of 20 years after his
death.
Article 13
The author of a pseudonymous or anonymous work shall enjoy in such work the rights afforded by
this Act. However, he shall be represented in the exercise of those rights by the original editor or
publisher, until such time as he reveals his identity and proves his authorship.
Heirs and other assignees of the author shall enjoy the rights afforded by this Act in posthumous
works.
Chapter II: WORKS OF MORE THAN ONE AUTHOR
Article 14
The co‐authors of a work shall be the original holders of the moral and economic rights in that work.
However, if a work of joint authorship consists of parts that may be used separately (that is to say
that the parts of the work may be reproduced, performed or otherwise used in a different manner),
the co‐authors may be entitled to separate rights in those parts, but in this case the author of a part
shall remain one of the co‐authors of the whole work.
Article 15
In the absence of proof to the contrary, a collective work shall be the property of the natural person
or legal entity on whose initiative it is designed and under whose name it is disclosed. Copyright shall
vest in such person.
Article 16
Copyright in a composite work shall belong to the person who created it, subject to the rights of the
author of the pre‐existing work.
Chapter III: AUDIOVISUAL WORKS
Article 17
The intellectual creators of an audiovisual work shall be the original owners of the copyright in that
work. In the absence of proof to the contrary, the following shall be presumed to be the joint
authors of an audiovisual work:
(a) the author of the script;
(b) the author of the adaptation;
(c) the author of the dialog;
(d) the author of the musical compositions, with or without words, specially composed for the work;
(e) the director;
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