(3) An approval issued under sub-article (2) hereof may be given on such conditions and in
consideration of such payments to the Rural Telecommunications Fund as the Department thinks fit.
20. Rural Telecommunications
(1) Operators providing basic services as defined by the Department shall contribute towards the
development of rural telecommunications by accepting permit obligations with regard to:
(a) provision of rural telecommunications networks and services (applicable to the
Telecommunications Services of Eritrea, TSE, or its legal successor), or
(b) financial contributions to the Rural Telecommunications Fund (applicable to operators other than
TSE or its legal successor).
(2) The Rural Telecommunications Fund shall be established and managed by the Department. The
purpose of the fund is to finance establishment and operations of telecommunications networks and
services in rural areas where such services may not initially be provided on a commercial basis, in
addition to the networks and services provided under sub-article (1) (a) hereof.
(3) The Rural Telecommunications Fund shall consist of such sums as may be provided by way of:
(a) payments from operators pursuant to sub-article (1) (b) of this Article;
(b) payments of fines pursuant to Articles 48 and 49 hereof; and
(c) other payments, grants or donations.
21. Rights to Use Real Property
(1) A public telecommunications operator is, if approved by the Department, and upon prior notice to
the owners, entitled to effect and carry on installation and maintenance of telecommunications
network, equipment, or other telecommunications devices to be located in, on, below or above public
or private real property, building or facility.
(2) The Department may authorise other telecommunications operators than public
telecommunications operators to exercise the rights indicated under sub-article (1) of this Article.
(3) The owner is entitled to compensation commensurate with the scope of limitation under sub-article
(1) of this Article. The Minister of Transport and Communications may, by regulation, determine the
procedures in connection with the determination of the compensation.
The owner is not entitled to compensation:
(a) if the purpose is solely to connect the property in question to the telecommunications network or
to maintain such connection, or
(b) if the land in question is restored to its condition prior to the installation or entry described under
sub-article (1) and (2) of this Article.
(4) Sea shores, rivers, canals and lakes, together with their beds, as well as the airspace of` Eritrea
may be used by telecommunications operators for telecommunications purposes.
Part Three
Telecommunications Equipment
22. Scope
The provisions of Part Three shall apply to all categories of telecommunications equipment
(Article 2(v)), unless exceptions have been made by the Department.
23. Permits for Suppliers and Installers