(1) all acts of such a nature as to create confusion by any means whatever with the
establishment, the goods, or the industrial or commercial activities, of a competitor;
(2) false allegations in the course of trade of such a nature as to discredit the
establishment, the goods, or the industrial or commercial activities, of a competitor;
(3) indications or allegations the use of which in the course of trade is liable to mislead
the public as to the nature, the manufacturing process, the characteristics, the suitability for
their purpose, or the quantity, of the goods.
185. Acts of unfair competition may only give rise to civil proceedings for the
cessation of the acts constituting unfair competition and for damages.
TITLE VII
TEMPORARY PROTECTION AT EXHIBITIONS
AND INDUSTRIAL AWARDS
Chapter I
Temporary protection
186. Temporary protection shall be granted to inventions which may be patented, to
improvements or additions deriving from a patented invention, to layout designs
(topographies) for integrated circuits, to industrial designs and to factory marks, trademarks or
service marks for goods or services which have been presented for the first time in official, or
officially recognized, international exhibitions organized on the territory of one of the
countries of the International Union for the Protection of Industrial Property.
187. Such protection, the term of which shall be fixed at six months after the official
opening of the exhibition, shall have the effect of retaining, for the exhibitors or their
successors in title, the right to claim during this period the protection to which their
inventions, layout designs (topographies) for integrated circuits, industrial designs or marks
would be legally entitled to benefit under the provisions of this Law.
The formalities which the exhibitors shall have to complete to qualify for temporary
protection shall be fixed by regulation.
188. The term of the temporary protection shall not be increased by the time periods for
priorities provided for under Article 7 above.
Chapter II
Industrial awards
SECTION I
RIGHT TO PROTECTION
189. Only industrial awards consisting of prizes, medals, distinctions, titles or any
attestations of distinction which have been obtained in the exhibitions referred to in Article
186 above shall qualify for the protection established under the following provisions.
No industrial or commercial use may be made of the industrial awards listed above by
their beneficiaries or successors in title until they have been registered with the entity
responsible for industrial property in the register referred to in Article 199 below.
190. Industrial awards may be presented on either a personal or a collective basis.