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However, the monogamous marriage between a man and a woman contracted
outside Rwanda in accordance with the Law of the country of celebration of the
marriage shall be recognized.
No person may be married without his/her free consent.
• Provision for matrimonial equality

Parties to a marriage have equal rights and obligations upon and during the
subsistence of their marriage and at the time of divorce.
A Law shall determine the conditions, forms and consequences of marriage.

• Rights of children guaranteed
• Right to found a family

Article 27
The family, which is the natural foundation of Rwandan society, is protected by the
State.
Both parents shall have the right and responsibility to bring up their children.

• State support for children

• Rights of children guaranteed
• State support for children
• International law

The State shall put in place appropriate legislation and institutions for the protection
of the family, in particular mother and child in order to ensure that the family
flourishes.

Article 28
Every child is entitled to special measures of protection by his/her family, society and
the State that are necessary, depending on the status of the child, under national and
international law.

• Right to own property

Article 29
Every person has a right to private property, whether personal or owned in
association with others.

• Inalienable rights

Private property, whether individually or collectively owned, is inviolable.

• Protection from expropriation

The right to property may not be interfered with except in public interest, in
circumstances and procedures determined by Law and subject to fair and prior
compensation.

Article 30
Private ownership of land and other rights related to land are granted by the State.
A Law specify the modalities of acquisition, transfer and use of land.

Article 31
The property of the State comprises of public and private property of the central
Government as well as the public and private property of decentralized local
government organs.
The public property of the State is inalienable unless there has been prior transfer
thereof to the private property of the State.

Article 32
Every person shall respect public property.
Any act intended to cause sabotage, vandalism, corruption, embezzlement,
squandering or any tampering with public property shall be punishable by Law.

Rwanda 2003 (rev. 2010)

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