(f) the main designer, when it is an animated cartoon.
If an audiovisual work is adapted from a pre‐existing work which is still protected, the author of the
original work shall be assimilated to the authors of the new work.
Article 18
Prior to undertaking the production of an audiovisual work, the producer, who is the natural person
or legal entity taking the initiative and the financial responsibility for the work, shall be required to
conclude written contracts with all those persons whose works are to be used in the production.
Unless otherwise agreed, the written contracts concluded with the intellectual creators with regard
to their contributions to the production of the audiovisual work shall include a presumption of
assignment of the economic rights in the work to the benefit of the producer for a limited period, of
which the term shall be laid down in the contracts.
The presumption provided for above shall not apply to pre‐existing works used in the making of the
audiovisual work, nor to musical works with or without words created for the same purpose.
Article 19
The contracts stipulated in the first paragraph of Article 18 shall provide for the following:
(a) the right of the producer to modify the works insofar as the adaptation of the art requires;
(b) allowing each joint‐author to make free use of his personal contribution for the purpose of
exploiting it in a different field, without prejudice to the exploitation of the common work;
(c) termination of the contract if the producer refuses to complete the audiovisual work or is unable
to complete it owing to circumstances beyond his control;
(d) prohibiting a co‐author who is unable to complete his contribution from opposing use of the part
already in existence.
Article 20
The audiovisual work shall be considered completed by the producer when the first “standard copy”
has been made by common consent between the director and the producer.
Article 21
The audiovisual producer shall be required to inscribe on the medium, in such a way that it appears
at the time of viewing, his own name or company name, in addition to that of the director, the
authors of the original script, the adaptation, the dialog, the music and song lyrics, and the main
performers.
CHAPTER IV: MORAL RIGHTS
Article 22
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