Electronic Transactions Act, 2008
Act 772
13. A person who relies on a digital signature shall bear the legal consequences of failure to
(a) take reasonable steps to verify the authenticity of a digital
signature, or
(b) take reasonable steps where a digital signature is supported
by a certificate, to
(i) verify the validity of the certificate, or
(ii) observe any limitation with respect to the certificate.
Recognition of digital certificates and digital signatures
14. (1) Unless otherwise prescribed by law, a person may determine the
digital signature, certificate or authentication the person will use.
(2) The Minister may recognise a digital signature, certificate or
authentication of a foreign information security service provider for use
by a public servant by notice published in the Gazette.
Notarisation, acknowledgement and certification
15. (1) Where a law requires a signature, statement or document to be
notarised, acknowledged, verified or made under oath, that requirement is
deemed to be satisfied if the electronic signature of the person authorised
to perform those acts is affixed to an electronic record.
(2) Where a law requires or permits a person to provide a certified
copy of a document and the document exists in paper or in another physical
form, that requirement is deemed to be satisfied if an electronic copy of
the document is certified to be a true copy by using the electronic signature
of the certifying person.
Other requirements
16. (1) A requirement in law for multiple copies of a document to be
submitted to a single addressee at the same time, is satisfied by the submission of a single electronic record that is capable of being reproduced
by the addressee.
(2) Where a corporate seal is required to be affixed to a document,
that requirement is deemed to be satisfied if the electronic signature of the
corporate body is affixed to the electronic record in accordance with the
provisions relating to the use of the corporate seal.
Automated transactions
17. (1) An automated transaction is valid even if an electronic agent
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