during such period, 50 years from its communication
to the public.
Article n5. In the case of a photographic work or
a work of applied art, the rights referred to in Article 28 shall be protected for 25 years as from the
making of the work.
A rticlc 66. In the case of posthumous works, the
rights referred to in Article 28 shall belong to the
author's successors in title for the period laid down in
Article 61 if the work is disclosed during the period
provided for in that Article. I I' the work is disclosed
after the expiry of that period, the rights shall belong
to the owners of the manuscripts or originals relating
to the work, who effect publication or have it efI'ecteel.
Posthumous works must be published separately
except where they constitute only a fragment of a
work previously published. They may not be combined with works by the same author that have been
previously published unless the author's successors in
title still enjoy the economic rights therein.
Article 67. In all cases, such periods shall run
until the end of the year during which they would
otherwise expire.
CHAPTER 10
Body of Authors
Article 68. The administration of the rights referred to in Article 28 and the defense of the moral
interests referred to in Article 31 shall be entrusted to
a professional body of authors of which the tasks and
operation shall be laid down by decree issued by the
Council of Ministers.
Article n9. This body shall be empowered, to the
exclusion of any other natural or legal person, to act
as an intermediary between the author or his successors in title and the users of literary and artistic
works as regards the grant of authorizations and the
collection of the relevant royalties.
This body shall administer on the national territory the interests of the various foreign societies of
authors under trea ties or agrcemcn ts it sha II be required to conclude with them. This body shall be
answerable to the Ministry responsible for culture.
CHAPTI:::R II
Procedure and Sanctions
Article 70. Any dispute arising from the application of this Law shall be subject to the following provisions of this Chapter.
The professional body of authors referred to in
Article 68 shall be empowered to take legal action to
defend the interests that arc its statutory respons],
bility, particularly as regards any litigation directly Or
indirectly concerning the reproduction or communication to the public of works covered by this Law.
Article 7/. At the request of any author of a
work protected by this Law, of his successors in title
or of the professional body of authors, the examining
magistrate taking cognizance of the infringement or
the presiding judge of the Tribunal de Grande Instance (First Instancc Court) shall be empowered in
all cases, including where the author's rights are in
imminent danger of infringement, to order seizure, at
any place and even at times other than those specified
in the Code of Civil Procedure, of the copies that
constitute an unlawful reproduction of the work, already manufactured or being manufactured, and of
the revenue Irum any unlawful reproduction, performance or dissemination of the work. He may also
order suspension of any manufacture, reproduction
or public performance, in progress or announced, that
constitutes infringement or preparation for an infringement.
Article 72. Article 71 shall apply in the case of
improper exploitation of national folklore or of a
work in the public domain.
Article 73. The presiding judge of the Tribunal
de Grande Instance may order, as part of the above
acts, the prior deposit by the distrainer of an appropriate guarantee.
Article 74. Within 30 days of the making of the
report of the seizure under Article 71, or of the date
of the order referred to in that same Article, the distrainee or the garnishee may request the presiding
judge of the Tribunal de Grande Instance to end the
seizure or to limit its effects, or to authorize resumption of manufacture or of exploitation.
The presiding judge of the Tribunal de Grande
Instance, acting in summary procedure, may, if he
allows the petition of the distrainee or garnishee,
order the petitioner to deposit a sum to be used as a
guarantee for damages to which the author might be
entitled.
Article 75. If the distrainer fails to submit the
matter to the competent court within 30 days of the
seizure, the ending of the seizure may be ordered by
the presiding judge of the Tribunal de Grande Instance, acting in summary procedure, upon the demand of the distrainee or the garnishee, except where
criminal proceedings have been instituted.
Article 70. Where the proceeds of an exploitation
which arc due to the author of an intellectual work