(b) contains no provision making the
determination of the administering authority
final and conclusive.
(3) The proceedings of a court or the proceedings of any tribunal relating to the
matters mentioned in subsection (1) of this section (including the announcement of
the decisions of the court or tribunal) shall be held in public.
(4) Whenever any person is charged with a criminal offence, he shall, unless the
charge is withdrawn, be entitled to a fair hearing in public within a reasonable time
by a court or tribunal:
Provided that (a) a court or such a tribunal may exclude from
its proceedings persons other than the parties
thereto or their legal practitioners in the interest
of defence, public safety, public order, public
morality, the welfare of persons who have not
attained the age of eighteen years, the protection
of the private lives of the parties or to such
extent as it may consider necessary by reason of
special circumstances in which publicity would
be contrary to the interests of justice;
(b) if in any proceedings before a court or such a
tribunal, a Minister of the Government of the
Federation or a commissioner of the government
of a State satisfies the court or tribunal that it
would not be in the public interest for any matter
to be publicly disclosed, the court or tribunal
shall make arrangements for evidence relating to
that matter to be heard in private and shall take
such other action as may be necessary or
expedient to prevent the disclosure of the matter.
(5) Every person who is charged with a criminal offence shall be presumed to be
innocent until he is proved guilty;
Provided that nothing in this section shall invalidate any law by reason only that the
law imposes upon any such person the burden of proving particular facts.
(6) Every person who is charged with a criminal offence shall be entitled to (a) be informed promptly in the language that he
understands and in detail of the nature of the
offence;
(b) be given adequate time and facilities for the
preparation of his defence;
(c) defend himself in person or by legal
practitioners of his own choice;
(d) examine, in person or by his legal
practitioners, the witnesses called by the
prosecution before any court or tribunal and
obtain the attendance and carry out the
examination of witnesses to testify on his behalf
before the court or tribunal on the same
conditions as those applying to the witnesses
called by the prosecution; and