2
1. Books, brochures and other literary, artistic and scientific writings;
2. Lectures, speeches, sermons, oral addresses and other works of the same nature;
3. Dramatic or dramatico-musical works;
4. Choreographic works, circus acts or turns and pantomimes, whose performance is
fixed in writing or otherwise;
5. Musical compositions with or without words;
6. Cinematographic and other works consisting in a series of interlinked images
which give an impression of movement, whether or not they are accompanied by
sound and, if it is accompanied by sound, capable of being audible, referred to
together as audiovisual works;
7. Works of drawing, painting, architecture, sculpture, engraving and lithography;
8. Graphic and typographic works;
9. Photographic works and those done using techniques analogous to photography.
A “photographic work” is the recording of light or some other kind of radiation on any
medium on which an image is produced or from which an image may be produced,
whatever the nature of the technique (chemical, electronic or other) by which this
recording is made. A fixed image extracted from an audiovisual work is deemed to be
not a “photographic work” but a part of the audiovisual work concerned;
10. “Works of applied art” which are two- or three-dimensional artistic creations that
have a utilitarian function or are incorporated into a utilitarian article, whether a
handcrafted work or one produced using industrial processes. A “utilitarian article” is
one that fulfils an intrinsically utilitarian function that does not consist solely in
presenting the appearance of the article or passing on information;
11. Illustrations and geographical maps;
12. Plans, sketches and plastic works relating to geography, topography, architecture
and science;
13. Software programs which are sets of instructions expressed in words, codes,
diagrams or any other form which, once they have been incorporated into a medium
decipherable by a machine, may enable a computer to perform a task or achieve a
particular result – an electronic or similar process capable of processing information;
14. The clothing and finery creations of seasonal industries. Industries regarded as
seasonal clothing and finery industries shall be those that, owing to the requirements
of fashion, frequently update the form of their products, in particular dressmaking, the
fur industry, underwear, embroidery, fashion, shoes, glove-making, leather goods,
the manufacture of original fabrics or special fabrics for haute couture, and goods
produced by finery makers, boot makers and the manufacturers of furnishing fabrics;
15. “Expressions of folklore”. These are productions of elements characteristic of
Madagascar’s traditional cultural heritage developed and perpetuated by a
community or by individuals recognized as meeting the expectations of that
community, including popular tales, popular poetry, songs and instrumental music, in
addition to the artistic expressions of rituals and the productions of popular art. These
expressions of folklore are not works within the meaning of this Law. They do,
however, enjoy similar protection provided in a decree.
Article 6 – The authors of translations, adaptations, transformations or arrangements
of intellectual works and expressions of folklore shall enjoy the copyright protection
conferred by this Law, without prejudice to the rights of the author of the original
work. The same applies to the authors of anthologies or collections of diverse works,