ORSB – ANGOLA COUNTRY STRATEGY PAPER 2011 - 2015
the worst African performers at 146th out
of 182 countries. The GINI coefficient
was 58.6 in 2009. A recent socioeconomic survey9 reports that 36.6
percent of the population lives on or
below the poverty line of US$2/day.
When disaggregated geographically, the
proportion rises to 58.3 percent of the
rural population, compared with 18.7
percent in urban areas. Other disparities
between urban and rural populations
include: (i) access to electricity (66.3 to
just 8.6 percent), (ii) regular access to
water supply (59.7 to 22.8 percent), and
(iii) sanitation (84.6 versus 31.1 percent
in rural areas).
2.1.13
The Government is also
increasing its efforts to revamp the
PFM system. Parliament approved
legislation in January 2010 to improve
procurement practices and regulate
granting of concessions. A judicial
framework for the management of state
assets was also approved. However,
there is still no Medium Term
Expenditure Framework in place and no
follow-up to the 2005 PEFA exercise.
2.1.14 Public perception is of general
corruption.
According
to
the
Transparency
International’s
2009
Corruption Perception Index, Angola
ranks 160th out 180 countries surveyed.
The Heritage Foundation also ranks
Angola in the 153rd place out of 179
countries in its 2010 index of Economic
Freedom. The “freedom from corruption”
sub-component scores only 19 points
out of 100 possible. This environment
hinders Angola’s competitiveness. In
response, the government passed anticorruption legislation and announced a
national campaign against corruption. A
number of high-profile corruption trials
have since begun, some resulting in the
indictment of high-level officials. Despite
notable progress, further improvements
will require additional efforts to
strengthen institutions and increase
transparency.
2.2
2.2.2 The large weight of offshore oil
extraction in GDP growth has created
limited employment opportunities.
Despite the recent emergence of non-oil
sub-sectors, namely agriculture, fishing,
construction
and
banking,
unemployment figures have been
persistently high, averaging 25 percent
since 2007. It has also brought to the
fore a severe lack of qualified workers.
A mandatory social security scheme for
formal sector workers was introduced, a
minimum wage law adopted and a
social protection bill passed.
Health
2.2.3 Angola has a huge challenge in
the provision of medical services to
the general population although it is
currently
rebuilding
its
health
infrastructure. At present, only some
30 percent of the population has access
to government health facilities. Malaria,
accounts for an estimated 35 percent of
mortality in children under the age of
five, 25 percent of maternal mortality,
and represents the major cause of
Social Context
Social Protection
2.2.1 Despite steady progress in
improving social conditions since
2002, the country still faces massive
challenges to reduce poverty levels
and inequalities. Despite the positive
trend in the Human Development Index,
in 2010 with 0.4038 Angola ranks among
See Inquérito sobre o Bem-Estar da População, 2009 survey on poverty,
health and employment by INE, with assistance of UNICEF and WB.
9
8
Refer to UNDP Human Development Report for index explanation
7