The protection arising from the rights provided for under Article 1, paragraph 2, hereinafter
“protection”, shall start as soon as the work is created, even if it is not fixed on a material
carrier. This protection shall not be subject to any formality.
The existence or conclusion of a contract for hire or of services by the author of a literary or
artistic work shall not provide an exemption from the enjoyment of the right provided for in
the first paragraph.
The work shall be deemed created, irrespective of any disclosure, by the mere act of
production, even unfinished, of the concept of the author.
The intangible property covered in Article 1, paragraph 2, shall be independent of the
ownership of the material object.
Article 5:
This Law shall protect works of the mind that are original intellectual creations in literary and
artistic areas, such as:
-
books, pamphlets, computer programs and other literary, artistic and scientific
writings;
lectures, addresses, sermons and other spoken works;
musical works with or without words;
dramatic works and dramatico-musical works;
choreographic works and pantomimes;
audiovisual works;
radio works;
works of drawing, painting, sculpture, engraving, lithography and tapestry;
works of architecture;
photographic works;
works of applied art;
illustrations, geographical maps, plans, sketches and three-dimensional works relative
to geography, topography, architecture or science.
The provisions of this Law shall protect the rights of authors of works of the mind irrespective
of their kind, form of expression, merit or purpose.
Article 6:
The title of the work shall be protected, in the same way as the work itself, where it is of an
original nature. This title may not be used by anyone, even if the work is no longer protected
under the terms of this Law, to distinguish a work of the same kind, if such use is liable to
cause confusion.
Article 7:
The following shall also be protected as works:
- translations, adaptations, staging, arrangements and other alterations of works and
expressions of traditional cultural heritage;
- collections of works, expressions of traditional cultural heritage or simple facts or
data, such as encyclopedias, anthologies and databases, whether in machine-readable
or other form, which by reason of the selection, coordination or arrangement of their
contents constitute intellectual creations;