disclosing the information outweighs whatever injury that disclosure would cause. 12. (1) A public institution may deny an application for any information which contains(a) (b) Records compiled by any public institution for administrative enforcement proceedings and by any law enforcement or correctional agency for law enforcement purposes or for internal matters of a public institution, but only to the extent that disclosure would(i) interfere with pending or actual and reasonably contemplated law enforcement proceedings conducted by any law enforcement or correctional agency, (ii) interfere with pending administrative enforcement proceedings conducted by any public institution, (iii) deprive a person of a fair trial or an impartial hearing, (iv) unavoidably disclose the identity of a confidential source, (v) constitute an invasion of personal privacy under Section 15 of this Act, except, where the interest of the public would be better served by having such record being made available, this exemption to disclosure shall not apply, and (vi) obstruct an ongoing criminal investigation information the disclosure of which could reasonably be expected to be injurious to the security of penal institutions. (2) Notwithstanding anything contained in this section, an application for information shall not be denied where the public interest in disclosing the information outweighs whatever injury that disclosure would cause. (3) A public institution may deny an application for information that could reasonably be expected to facilitate the commission of an offence. (4) For the purposes of section (1) (a), "enforcement proceeding" means an investigation that – (a) pertains to the administration or enforcement of any Act, law or regulation; (b) is authorized by or pursuant to any Act, law or regulation 13. Every government or public institution must ensure the provision of appropriate training for its officials on the public's right to access information or records held by government or public institutions, as provided for in this Act and for the effective implementation of this Act. 14. (1) Subject to subsection (2), a public institution must deny an application for information that contains personal information and information exempted under this subsection includes – (a) files and personal information maintained with respect to clients, patients, residents, students, or other individuals receiving social, medical, educational, vocation, financial, supervisory or custodial care or services directly or indirectly from public institutions; (b) personnel files and personal information maintained with respect to employees, appointees or elected officials of any public institution or applicants for such positions; (c) files and personal information maintained with respect to any applicant, registrant or licensee by any government or public institution cooperating with or engaged in professional or occupational registration, licensure or discipline; (d) information required of any tax payer in connection with the assessment or collection of any tax unless disclosure is otherwise requested by the statute; and (e) information revealing the identity of persons who file complaints with or provide information to administrative, investigative, law enforcement or penal agencies on the commission of any crime.