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They take, in all the domains, notably in the civil, political, economic, social and
cultural domains, all the measures appropriate to assure the total realization and full
participation of women in the development of the Nation.
They take measures to struggle against all forms of violence made against women in
public and in private life.
Women have the right to an equitable representation within the national, provincial
and local institutions. The State guarantees the implementation of man-woman
parity in these said institutions.
The law establishes the modalities of application of these rights.
Article 15
The public powers see to the elimination of sexual violence.
• International law
Without prejudice to international treaties and agreements, any sexual violence
made against any person, with the intention to destabilize, [or] to dislocate a family
and to make a whole people disappear is established as a crime against humanity
punishable by the law.
Article 16
The human person is sacred. The State has the obligation to respect it and to protect
it.
• Right to development of personality
• Right to life
All persons have the right to life, to physical integrity as well as to the free
development of their personality, under respect for the law, of public order, of the
rights of others and of public morality.
• Prohibition of slavery
No one may be held in slavery or in an analagous condition.
• Prohibition of cruel treatment
No one may be subjected to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment.
• Prohibition of slavery
No one may be subjected to forced or compulsory labor.
Article 17
Individual liberty is guaranteed. It is the rule[;] detention the exception.
• Principle of no punishment without law
One may only be prosecuted, arrested, detained or sentenced by virtue of a law and
in the form that it specifies.
• Protection from ex post facto laws
No one may be prosecuted for an act or an omission which did not constitute an
infraction at the time it was committed and at the time of the prosecution.
• Protection from ex post facto laws
No one may be sentenced for an act or an omission which did not constitute an
infraction of the law at the time it was committed and at the time of the sentencing.
• Protection from ex post facto laws
One may not be inflicted with a punishment harsher than that applicable at the time
the infraction was committed.
The punishment ceases to be executed when[,] by virtue of a law subsequent to the
judgment:
1. it is suppressed;
2. the act for which it was declared no longer has the character [of an]
infraction.
In the case of reduction of the punishment by virtue of a law subsequent to the
judgment, the punishment is executed in accordance with the new law.
Congo (Democratic Republic of the) 2005 (rev. 2011)
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