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Free Reprographic Reproduction by Libraries
and Archive Departments
Article 16
Notwithstanding the provisions of Article 10 above, and without the authorization of the
author or any other copyright owner, a library or archive departments whose activities are not
designed directly or indirectly to generate commercial profit may produce, by means of
reprographic reproduction, individual copies of a work:
(a) when the reproduced work is an article, short work, or short extracts of a written work
other than computer programs, with or without illustrations, published in a collection of works
or an edition of a journal or periodical, or when the aim of the reproduction is to respond to
the request of a natural person;
(b) when the production of such a copy is intended to preserve it and, if necessary, (where it
appears to have been lost, destroyed or rendered unusable), to replace it in a permanent
collection of another library or other archive department, or to replace copies lost, destroyed
or rendered unusable.
Deposit of Reproduced Works in Official Archives
Article 17
Without prejudice to the right belonging to the author to obtain equitable
remuneration, reproductions constituting exceptional documentation and a copy of
recordings of cultural value, may be stored in official archives designated for this purpose by
the government authority responsible for cultural affairs.
A list of the reproductions and recordings referred to above shall be drawn up by joint
decree of the government authority responsible for communication and that in charge of
cultural affairs.
Free Use for Judicial and Administrative Purposes
Article 18
Notwithstanding the provisions of Article 10 above, it shall be permitted, without the author’s
authorization or the payment of a fee, to republish a work intended for judicial or
administrative proceedings, to the extent justified by the aim to be achieved.
Free Use for Information Purposes
Article 19
Notwithstanding the provisions of Article 10 above, it shall be permitted, without the author’s
authorization or payment of a fee, but subject to the obligation to indicate the source and
author’s name, where this name appears in the source, to:
(a) reproduce in the press, broadcast or communicate to the public an economic, political or
religious article published in journals or periodical collections of the same nature, provided
that the right of reproduction, broadcasting or public communication is not expressly
reserved;
(b) reproduce or make available to the public, for reporting purposes, current events by
means of photography, cinematography, video or public cable broadcasting or
communication, a work seen or heard during such an event, to the extent justified by the
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