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public or, where this has not occurred in the 70 years since the production of the work, 70
years from the end of the calendar year of such production.
Duration of Protection for Works of Applied Art
Article 29
The duration of protection of works of applied art shall be 70 years from the end of the
calendar year when such a work was lawfully published for the first time, or where this has
not occurred in the 50 years since the creation of the work, 70 years from the end of the
calendar year of creation of such a work.
Calculation of Deadlines
Article 30
In this chapter, any deadline shall expire at the end of the calendar year during which it
would normally lapse.
CHAPTER VI
Ownership of Rights
General Provisions
Article 31
The author of a work shall be the first owner of the moral and economic rights in his work.
Ownership of the Rights in Collaborative Works
Article 32
The co-authors of a collaborative work shall be the first joint owners of the moral and
economic rights in this work. However, if a collaborative work can be divided into
independent parts (i.e. if the parts of this work can be reproduced, performed or otherwise
used separately), the joint authors may enjoy independent rights in these parts, since they
are the joint owners of the rights of the collaborative work considered to be a whole unit.
YH
Ownership of the Rights in Collective Works
Article 33
The first owner of the moral and economic rights in a collective work shall be the natural
person or legal entity, at the initiative and under the responsibility of which the work has been
created in his name.
Ownership of the Rights in Composite Works
Article 34
The composite work shall be the property of the author who has produced it, subject to the
rights of the author of the pre-existing work.
Ownership of the Rights in Works Created as Part
of an Employment Contract
Article 35
In the case of a work created by an author on behalf of a natural person or legal entity
(hereinafter “employer”) as part of an employment contract and his employment, unless
otherwise specified in the contract, the first owner of the moral and economic rights shall be
the author, but the economic rights in this work shall be considered to have been transferred
to the employer to the extent justified by the employer’s usual activities at the time the work
is created.
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