constituteproject.org PDF generated: 14 Apr 2014, 20:52 Title IV Of the Relations Between the Legislative Power and the Executive Power Article 56 The law is voted by the Parliament. Article 57 [The following] are of the domain of the law: • the fundamental rights and duties of persons[,] notably the regime of public freedoms, the safeguarding of the individual freedoms, and the constraints imposed by the national defense [on] citizens on their person and their assets; • nationality, the status and the capacity of the persons, marriage, divorce, and inheritance; • the conditions of settlement [établissement] of persons and the status of aliens; • the determination of crimes and misdemeanors as well as the sentences that are applicable to them, the criminal [pénale] procedure, amnesty, the creation and the organization of the jurisdictions, [and] the status of the magistrates; • the civil procedure and the ways [voies] of execution; • the customs regime, the regime of emission of money, the regime of the banks, of credit, and of insurance; • the electoral regime and the territorial division of the country; • the regime of property, of real rights, and of civil and commercial obligations; • the general regime of water, of mines, and of hydro-carbons, of fishing and of the merchant marine, of the fauna, of the flora, and of the environment; • the protection and the safeguarding of the cultural and historical patrimony; • the general rules related to education and health; • the general rules related to the syndical right, to the right to work, and to social security; • the general organization of the administration; • the free administration of the local collectivities, of their competences, and of their resources; • the tax base, the rates and the modalities of recovery of the taxes of all natures; • the creation of categories of public establishments; • the fundamental guaranties granted to the civil and the military functionaries as well as the general status of the Public Function; • the nationalizations of enterprises and the transfers of property from the public sector to the private sector; [and] • the general rules of the organization of the National Defense. The laws of finance determine the resources and the charges of the State in the conditions and under the reservations [réserves] specified by an organic law. The laws and the programs determine the objectives of the economic and social action of the State. The provisions of this Article may be specified [précisées] and completed by an organic law. Article 58 The declaration of war is authorized by the Parliament. Mauritania 1991 (rev. 2012) Page 11