TABLE OF CONTENTS VISION AND MISSION STATEMENTS....................................................................................... 1 1. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................... 2 1.1 BACKGROUND.......................................................................................................................... 2 1.2 STATUS OF ICT IN KENYA ...................................................................................................... 2 1.3 THE POLICY AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK.............................................................. 3 2. CHALLENGES OF ICT IN NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT .................................................... 4 2.1 INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................... 4 2.2 POLICY, LEGAL AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK ....................................................... 4 2.3 ICT INFRASTRUCTURE............................................................................................................ 4 2.4 HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT ................................................................................. 5 2.5 ELECTRONIC LEARNING ....................................................................................................... 5 2.6 UNIVERSAL ACCESS ................................................................................................................ 6 2.7 PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS (PPP)............................................................................. 6 2.8 ELECTRONIC GOVERNMENT................................................................................................ 6 2.9 ELECTRONIC COMMERCE ..................................................................................................... 7 2.10 CONTENT DEVELOPMENT .................................................................................................. 7 2.11 ELECTRONIC SECURITY ....................................................................................................... 7 2.12 ICT LEADERSHIP..................................................................................................................... 7 2.13 ENGENDERING ICT................................................................................................................ 8 2.14 YOUTH AND ICT ..................................................................................................................... 8 3. INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY ............................................................................................... 9 3.1 INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................... 9 3.2 POLICY OBJECTIVES................................................................................................................. 9 3.3 STRATEGIES ............................................................................................................................. 10 4. BROADCASTING......................................................................................................................... 16 4.1 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................... 16 4.2 POLICY OBJECTIVES............................................................................................................... 16 4.3 STRATEGIES ............................................................................................................................. 17 4.4 LICENSING OF BROADCASTING SERVICES .................................................................... 19 4.5 MARKET STRUCTURE............................................................................................................ 20 4.6 SIGNAL DISTRIBUTION......................................................................................................... 21 4.7 DIGITAL BROADCASTING ................................................................................................... 21 4.8 HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT ............................................................................... 22 4.9 ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES ................................................................................................... 22 4.10 EQUITY PARTICIPATION & CONTROL ........................................................................... 22 4.11 CROSS-MEDIA OWNERSHIP .............................................................................................. 22 4.12 SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY.................................................................................................... 23 5. TELECOMMUNICATIONS ........................................................................................................ 24 5.1 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................... 24 5.2 POLICY OBJECTIVES............................................................................................................... 24 5.3 STRATEGIES ............................................................................................................................. 25 5.4 TARGETS ................................................................................................................................... 26 5.5 TELECOMMUNICATIONS LIBERALISATION .................................................................. 26 i