has installed a further terminal to facilitate its business. The applicants are attempting to prevent the respondent
from using an everyday English language and their wording is not dissimilar to this. This came to the fore when in
one instance there was a win of an amount of five million rands by a subscriber of the respondent who bought a
ticket and after the reluctance to honour the ticket the second applicant relented and paid out but it contended that
there was a dispute between itself and the respondent. But this precipitated that the applicants walked into the
respondent premises and disconnected its services and contending further that the respondent was not to use this
facility.
Page 626 of [2007] 1 All SA 618 (T)
In order to grant substantive relief which is sought by the applicants there are requisites for the grant of a final
interdict namely:
1. A clear ride;
2. An injury actually committed or reasonably apprehended; and
3. The absence of similar protection by any other remedy.
In motion proceedings in which a final relief is sought and there are disputes of fact in the affidavits filed on behalf
of the applicants and the respondent that are relevant to the determination of the issues, the correct approach is
as set out in PlasconEvans Paints Ltd v Van Riebeeck Paints (Pty) Ltd 1984 (3) SA 623 (A) at 634E635C. This rule has
been referred to several times by our courts. It is correct that where in proceedings of this nature disputes of facts
have arisen on the affidavits, a final order whether it be an interdict or some form of relief, may be granted if those
facts averred in the applicant's affidavit have been admitted by the respondents, together with the facts alleged by
applicant, justify such an order. The power of the court to give such final relief on the papers before it is, however,
not confined to such a situation. In certain instances the denial by respondent of a fact alleged by the applicant may
not be such as to raise a real, genuine or bona fide dispute of fact, see in this regard Room Hire Company (Pty) Ltd v
Jeppe Street Mansions (Pty) Ltd 1949 (3) SA 1155 (T) at 11635.
In accordance with this approach the Court should take into account the facts averred in the applicant's affidavit
which have been admitted by the respondent: the facts alleged by the respondent; such factual averments by the
applicant, the denials of which the respondent do not raise real, genuine or bona fide dispute of fact, and in respect
of which the Court is satisfied as to their inherent credibility. The court should not take into account allegations or
denials of the respondent which are so farfetched or clearly untenable that the court is justified in rejecting them
merely on the papers. See Ngqumba en andere v Die Staatspresident en andere 1988 (4) SA 224 (A) at 260H261E.
Insofar as the infringement application is concerned there is no dispute of fact on any material issue of the kind
such as would disentitle this honourable court in finding in favour of the applicants. The respondent's quarrel with
the applicants' case is found that in large part on comment which are unhelpful.
To succeed in an application based on section 34(1)(a) of the Trade Marks Act the application for relief must
established:
1. The unauthorised use;
2. In the course of trade;
3. In relation to goods or services in respect of which the trade mark is registered; and
4. Of an identical mark or of a mark so nearly resembling it as to be likely to deceive or cause confusion.
For purposes of section 34(1)(b) of the Trade Marks Act the applicant for the relief must establish:
1. The unauthorised use of a mark;
2. Which is identical or similar to the trade mark registered;
3. In the course of trade; and
Page 627 of [2007] 1 All SA 618 (T)
4. In relation to goods or services which are so similar to the goods or services in respect of which the trade
mark is registered, that in such use there exists the likelihood of deception or confusion.
The respondent has not in any way contradicted the applicants' contention that the respondent's use of the
LottoFun mark in the course of trade and was not authorised by the first applicant. The respondent has not in any
way contradicted the applicant's contention that the respondents' use of LottoFun is in relation to services in
respect of which the trade marks are registered or that the services which are rendered by the respondent are
certainly services which are "so similar" to the services in respect of which the trade marks are registered.
The only issue between the parties is whether:
1. For purposes of section 34(1)(a) the use by the respondent of the LottoFun is use "of an identical mark or of a
mark so nearly resembling it as to be likely to deceive or cause confusion"; and
2. For purposes of section 34(1)(b) the use by the respondent of the LottoFun is use "of a mark which is identical
or similar to the trade mark registered . . . that in such use there exists the likelihood of deception or
confusion".
The issue, therefore, is limited to the likelihood of deception or confusion.