The Court then considered the appeal based on the infringement of the Appellant's trade mark. In terms of
section 44(1) of the Act, a trade mark was deemed to be infringed if the unauthorised use of a mark resembling it
was likely to deceive or cause confusion or injury or prejudice to the proprietor of the trade mark. The Court held
that the Respondent's application of its mark so nearly resembled the registered trade mark as to be likely to
deceive or prejudice or cause confusion. The Respondent's use of the mark was clearly an infringement in terms of
section 44(1). The Court upheld the appeal and the Respondent was interdicted from infringing the Appellant's
registered trade mark.
Notes
For Trade Marks, see LAWSA (Vol 29)
For the Trade Marks Act 62 of 1963, see Butterworths Statutes of South Africa 1996 (Vol 1)
Cases referred to in judgment
("C" means confirmed; "F" means followed and "R" means reversed.)
AdcockIngram Laboratories Ltd v SA Druggists Ltd and another 1983 (2) SA 350 (T) R
Page 329 of [1997] 1 All SA 327 (A)
Fédération Internationale de Football and others v Bartlett and others 1994 (4) SA 722 (T)
Ngqumba/Damons NO/Jooste en andere v Staatspresident en andere 1988 (4) SA 224 (A)
PlasconEvans Paints Ltd v Van Riebeeck Paints (Pty) Ltd 1984 (3) SA 623 (A)
Standard Bank of South Africa Ltd v United Bank Ltd and another 1991 (4) SA 780 (T)
Australia
New South Wales Dairy Corporation v Murray Goulburn Cooperative Company Limited in 18 Intellectual Property
Reports 385 F
United Kingdom
GE Trade Mark [1973] RPC 297 F
View Parallel Citation
Judgment
PLEWMAN JA
This appeal concerns a trade mark. The appellant, Luster Products Incorporated, a corporation registered according
to the laws of the State of Illinois in the United States of America, is the proprietor of South African Trade Mark
84/6404 registered in Part A of the register in respect of goods in Class 3. The respondent is a South African close
corporation, Magic Style Sales CC, which has its registered office in Sandton, Gauteng. Appellant manufactures and
distributes hair care products and cosmetics for use mainly by black persons. There is a large
View Parallel Citation
market for these products in America. Since 1980, appellant has distributed its products in South Africa through
representatives in this country, and has used its trade mark (which then was registered in America but not in South
Africa) on such goods. In July 1984 the appellant's mark was registered locally.
The respondent carries on business in the same field as the appellant. It was incorporated in 1988. The dispute
arose in December 1990. At that time the appellant became aware of the fact that respondent was marketing
certain of its products using a mark thereon which appellant considered an infringement of its registered mark. It
accordingly caused a letter of demand to be addressed to the respondent calling upon it to desist from using this
mark. Correspondence passed between the parties. The details are not relevant. The upshot was a refusal by the
respondent to comply with appellant's demands (though it did, it seems, slightly modify the mark it used on its
goods; the details will be given later). As a result the appellant applied for an interdict restraining the respondent
from infringing its mark. The notice of motion is dated 9 December 1992. The application was opposed. Respondent
in addition launched a counterapplication filed on 9 February 1993. An enthusiastic paper chase ensued. Initially
relief was also sought on the ground of passing off. This has not been pressed on appeal. The papers rapidly
became voluminous. The counterapplication (in so far as is now relevant) was a doublebarrelled attack.
Respondent sought the expungement of appellant's mark under the provision of section 16(1) read with section
33(1) of the Trade Marks Act 62 of 1963. This Act applies to the proceedings by reason of the provisions of section
3(2) of Trade Marks Act 194 of 1993 (which came into operation on 1 May 1995). Section 3(2) provides that
proceedings commenced under the 1963 Act are to be dealt with in accordance with that Act as if it had not been
repealed. The respondent's second barrel was an application (made in the alternative) for an order directing the
entry of a disclaimer, of "any right to the exclusive use of the term
Page 330 of [1997] 1 All SA 327 (A)