Chapter 2: Bill of Rights

Freedom of trade, occupation and profession
22.	�

Every citizen has the right to choose their trade, occupation or profession freely. The
practice of a trade, occupation or profession may be regulated by law.

Labour relations
23.	�

(1) Everyone has the right to fair labour practices.
(2)	� Every worker has the right—
(a)	� to form and join a trade union;
(b)	� to participate in the activities and programmes of a trade union; and
(c)	� to strike.
(3)	� Every employer has the right—
(a)	� to form and join an employers’ organisation; and
(b)	� to participate in the activities and programmes of an employers’ organisation.
(4)	� Every trade union and every employers’ organisation has the right—
(a)	� to determine its own administration, programmes and activities;
(b)	� to organise; and
(c)	� to form and join a federation.
(5)	� Every trade union, employers’ organisation and employer has the right to engage
in collective bargaining. National legislation may be enacted to regulate collective
bargaining. To the extent that the legislation may limit a right in this Chapter, the
limitation must comply with section 36(1).
(6)	� National legislation may recognise union security arrangements contained in
collective agreements. To the extent that the legislation may limit a right in this
Chapter, the limitation must comply with section 36(1).

Environment
24.	�

Everyone has the right—
(a)	� to an environment that is not harmful to their health or wellbeing; and
(b)	� to have the environment protected, for the benefit of present and future
generations, through reasonable legislative and other measures that—
(i)	� prevent pollution and ecological degradation;
(ii)	� promote conservation; and
(iii)	� secure ecologically sustainable development and use of natural resources

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