a. No person shall be made subject to any law or punishment which was not in
effect at the time of commission of an offense, nor shall the Legislature enact any
bill of attainder or ex post facto law.
b. No person shall be subject to search or seizure of his person or property,
whether on a criminal charge or for any other purpose, unless upon warrant
lawfully issued upon probable cause supported by a solemn oath or affirmation,
specifically identifying the person or place to be searched and stating the object of
the search; provided, however, that a search or seizure shall be permissible
without a search warrant where the arresting authorities act during the commission
of a crime or in hot pursuit of a person who has committed a crime.
c. Every person suspected or accused of committing a crime shall immediately
upon arrest be informed in detail of the charges, of the right to remain silent and
of the fact that any statement made could be used against him in a court of law.
Such person shall be entitled to counsel at every stage of the investigation and
shall have the right not to be interrogated except in the presence of counsel. Any
admission or other statements made by the accused in the absence of such counsel
shall be deemed inadmissible as evidence in a court of law.
d.
i. All accused persons shall be bailable upon their personal recognizance or by
sufficient sureties, depending upon the gravity of the charge, unless charged for
capital offenses or grave offenses
as defined by law.
ii. Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor excessive
punishment inflicted.
e. No person charged, arrested, restricted, detained or otherwise held in
confinement shall be subject to torture or inhumane treatment; nor shall any
person except military personnel, be kept or confined in any military facility; nor
shall any person be seized and kept among convicted prisoners or treated as a
convict, unless such person first shall have been convicted of a crime in court of
competent jurisdiction. The Legislature shall make it a criminal offense and
provide for appropriate penalties against any police or security officer, prosecutor,
administrator or any other public or security officer, prosecutor, administrator or
any other public official acting in contravention of this provision; and any person so
damaged by the conduct of any such public official shall have a civil remedy
therefor, exclusive of any criminal penalties imposed.
f. Every person arrested or detained shall be formally charged and presented
before a court of competent jurisdiction within forty-eight hours. Should the court
determine the existence of a prima facie case against the accused, it shall issue a