(1)
the words mean "asserting a claim to be the proprietor of a trade mark";
(2)
the word "proprietor" is not used in the section in relation to a commonlaw right of property and that it
does not import ownership of the mark as such;
(3)
in section 20 the word "proprietor" means "one who has the exclusive right and title to the use . of a
thing";
(4)
in terms of section 20 one can claim to be the proprietor of a trade mark if one has appropriated (in the
sense of "to take for one's own") a mark for use in relation to goods or services for the purpose stated
in the definition of "trade mark", and so used it; and
(5)
section 20 applies not only to a person claiming to be the proprietor of a trade mark used by him but
also to a person claiming to be the proprietor of a trade mark proposed to be used by him.
[36] To have a bona fide claim to proprietorship an applicant for registration of a mark in use must claim, in good
faith, to be entitled to be registered as proprietor of the mark, and if the mark is not in use, the applicant can
make such a claim if he has a sufficiently present and unconditional intention to use the mark see P Lorillard
Co v Rembrandt Tobacco Co (Overseas) Ltd 1967 (4) SA 353 (T) at 356FG.
The same considerations apply under the Act. In terms of regulation 11 an application for registration must be
made on form TM1 which contains the following certificate to be signed by the applicant
"The applicant claims to be the proprietor of the accompanying trade mark which is proposed to be used or is
being used in respect of the aforementioned specification of goods/services".
[37] The first respondent does not claim to have originated or appropriated the mark JACOBSEN'S. The first
respondent claims to have acquired it. To have a bona fide claim to proprietorship of the mark when it applied
to register the trade mark in 1998, the first respondent would have had to establish that it had acquired the
exclusive right or title to the use of the mark in relation to the goods or services in respect of which it sought
registration and that it had so used it to the extent that the mark had gained a reputation as indicating that
the goods or services in relation to which the mark was used were those of the first respondent. The first
respondent has failed to establish these facts. On the contrary, it is clear that at all material times after the
incorporation of Jacobsen's Publishers in 1966, Jacobsen's Publishers used the mark in relation to its business
and its publications and that the applicant continued to do this after it acquired the business in October 1998.
King, who represented the first respondent
Page 604 of [2005] 2 All SA 588 (T)
at all times, obviously knew this to be the position. The first respondent therefore could not claim in good faith
to be registered as proprietor of the mark.
[38] The applicant has therefore established that the first respondent had no bona fide claim to proprietorship for
the marks when it applied for registration and the applicant is entitled to an order for the expungement of the
marks. This conclusion makes it unnecessary to consider the other grounds for expungement save to say that
in my view both have merit.
[39] The first respondent did not object to the applicant's prayer for costs of two counsel which I am satisfied is
warranted in the present case.
[40] The following order is made:
(1)
The first respondent's application to file a fourth set of affidavits is refused;
(2)
Trade mark number 1998/18119 JACOBSEN'S (Special Form) in class 35 and trade mark 1998/18120
JACOBSEN'S (Special Form) in class 36 are expunged from the register of trade marks;
(3)
The first respondent is ordered to pay the costs of this application including the costs consequent upon
the employment of two counsel.
For the applicant:
Spoor & Fisher
For the respondent:
Werthein Becker Incorporated
Footnotes
1 Also reported at [1998] 3 All SA 175 (A) Ed.