the author may not, after the publication of the work, prevent third
parties from carrying out any of the following acts:
(1) Perform the work in family context or student gathering within an
educational institution, to the extent that no direct or indirect
financial remuneration is obtained;
(2) Make a single copy of the work for one’s exclusive personal use,
provided that such a copy shall not hamper the normal exploitation of
the work nor cause undue prejudice to the legitimate interests of the
author or copyright holders;
However, the author or his successor may, after the publication of the
work, prevent third parties from carrying out any of the following acts
without his authorization:
. Reproduction or copying works of fine, applied or plastic arts, unless
they were displayed in a public place, or works of architecture;
. Reproduction or copying of all or a substantial part of the notes
of a musical work;
. Reproduction or copying of all or a substantial part of a database
or computer program.
(3) Make, with the consent of the legitimate owner of the program, a
single copy or an adaptation of a computer program, even if exceeding
the extent necessary for the use of the program inasmuch as it remains
within the limits of the purpose for which consent was initially granted,
for archiving purposes or to replace a lost, destroyed or invalid
original copy. In either case, the original or adapted copy shall be
destroyed upon expiration of the property title. The Regulations shall
determine the terms and conditions of adaptation from the program.
(4) Make an analysis of the work, or excerpts or quotations therefrom,
for the purpose of criticism, discussion or information.
(5) Reproduction from protected works for use in legal or administrative
proceedings, inasmuch as required by such proceedings, provided that
the source and the name of the author are mentioned.
(6) Reproduction of short extracts from a work for teaching purposes,
by way of illustration and explanation, in a written form or through
an audio, visual or audiovisual recording, provided that such
reproduction is within reasonable limits and does not go beyond the
desired purpose, and provided that the name of the author and the title
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