Part III
Public Rights, Freedoms & Duties
Article (51)
Dignity is the right of every human being and may not be violated. The State shall respect and
protect human dignity.
Article (52)
Torture in all forms and types is a crime that is not subject to prescription.
Article (53)
All citizens are equal before the Law. They are equal in rights, freedoms and general duties,
without discrimination based on religion, belief, sex, origin, race, color, language, disability,
social class, political or geographic affiliation or any other reason.
Discrimination and incitement of hatred is a crime punished by Law.
The State shall take necessary measures for eliminating all forms of discrimination, and the Law
shall regulate creating an independent commission for this purpose.
Article (54)
Personal freedom is a natural right, shall be protected and may not be infringed upon. Except for
the case of being caught in flagrante delicto, it is not permissible to arrest, search, detain, or
restrict the freedom of anyone in any way except by virtue of a reasoned judicial order that was
required in the context of an investigation.
Every person whose freedom is restricted shall be immediately notified of the reasons therefore;
shall be informed of his/her rights in writing; shall be immediately enabled to contact his/her
relatives and lawyer; and shall be brought before the investigation authority within twenty four
(24) hours as of the time of restricting his/her freedom.
Investigation may not start with the person unless his/her lawyer is present. A lawyer shall be
seconded for persons who do not have one. Necessary assistance shall be rendered to people with
disability according to procedures prescribed by Law.
Every person whose freedom is restricted, as well as others, shall have the right to file grievance
before the court against this action. A decision shall be made on such grievance within one (1)
week as of the date of action; otherwise, the person must be immediately released.
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