considered equally joint owners of such work and no one of such persons shall exercise copyright prescribed by this Act unless there is a written agreement to the contrary. (2) Where several persons participate in the creation of a work so that the contribution of each of them in the whole work is distinguishable, each of such persons shall have the right to exploit the part created by him, provided that the exploitation of such part shall not prejudice the exploitation of the whole work, and any anyone of such persons may exercise the copyright prescribed by this Act, without prejudice to the rights of the other partner or partners in the profits. (3) Notwithstanding the provisions of subsections (1) and (2) of this section, where one of the co-authors refuses to complete his part in the joint work, this shall not preclude other co-authors from exploiting the part made by him without prejudice to the rights accruing to the co-author consequent to his participation in the creation of such work. (4) The physical person or legal entity who has taken the initiative and financial responsibility for the creation of a collective work, such as encyclopedia, dictionary and the like, shall own the economic rights in such work. Cinematograhic and Analogous Work 12.—(1) In the case of cinematographer or other audiovisual work, the moral rights mentioned in section 8(1) shall belong jointly to the creators of such works: the director, the author of the scenario, the author of the musical work and of the artistic work specially created for such work. (2) The maker or the producer of a cinematographic or other audiovisual work shall be obliged to conclude, prior to the making of the work, contracts in writing with all the persons whose works are to be used in the making of audiovisual work. Unless stipulated otherwise in the contract, the economic rights of the author shall be considered as transferred to the maker or producer of the work. However, the author of the musical work shall retain the right to authorize its public performance, broadcasting and communication to the public. (3) The authors of a cinematographic or other audiovisual work shall be free, after expiry of a term to be stipulated in the contract with the maker or the producer of the work, to dispose of their respective contributions. Duration of Author’s Protection 13.—(1) The protection of moral rights mentioned in section 8(1) shall be during the life of the author. (2) The protection of economic rights in a work shall last during the author’s life and 50 years after his death. (3) The term of protection shall last 25 years from the date of publication of the following works: