(i) (ii) the patent systems and the patent laws of foreign, regional and international jurisdictions including the United States of America (USA), United Kingdom (UK), Germany, France, Australia, Japan, Canada, the European Patent Convention, European Patent Office (EPO)/Community Patents, Organisation Africane de la Propriete Intellectuelle (OAPI), African Regional Intellectual Property Office (ARIPO), and the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT), in respect of alternative forms of protection available (patents and utility models), patentable subject matter, novelty requirements, applicants, filing requirements, claim format and requirements, prosecution requirements and procedures, grant, post-granted procedures such as re-examination, duration and maintenance fees; and the Paris Convention, Patent Cooperation Treaty, European Patent Convention, General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), 1994, on trade related aspects of intellectual property rights (TRIPs), including trade in counterfeit goods. GROUP 2 SUBJECTS (e) In the first paper candidates will be provided with a description of no more than two inventions and will be required to identify the inventive feature(s) of each invention and draft a first claim for each invention. In the second paper candidates will be required to draft a South African patent specification in respect of an invention described to them; (f) Candidates will be set practical legal problems on the interpretation of patent specifications, the infringement of patents, the amendment of patents, the validity of patents, the ownership of inventions; and will be required to draft appropriate pleadings and give opinions; and (g) Candidates will be examined on their competency to deal with questions of practice under the laws relating to patents in South Africa, for example, the granting of a patent, the revocation of patents, restoration, assignment and licensing (including compulsory licences), infringement of patents, the practice of the Court of the Commissioner of Patents, relevant High Court and Supreme Court of Appeal rules, and application of decided patent cases. INTERNSHIPS 14. It is strongly recommended that each candidate serve an internship of between three to six months at a patent law firm or a period of three to six months at the Companies and Intellectual Property Registration Office (CIPRO). CONDUCT OF EXAMINATION 15. (a) The examiner(s) shall be responsible for setting the required examination paper(s) in the subject concerned, which shall be submitted to the moderator to be moderated. The examiner(s) shall also be responsible for marking the examination scripts, and for allocating marks and symbols as provided in regulation 16 (a);